Asphalt Binder Handbook

Asphalt Binder Handbook

The Asphalt Binder Handbook Multiple-Stress Creep Recovery Test, by the Asphalt Institute, is a guide to asphalt binders and bitumen and is a compilation of other AI publications including SP-1, MS-4, MS-5, MS-19 and MS-25 manuals. Fully illustrated book covers testing variability and resolution and master curves.

Features:

• Asphalt binders and bitumen for professionals

• By the Asphalt Institute

Size 8.5 x 11in (216 x 279mm), WxH

1. Introduction to Asphalt Binders

Asphalt binders, also known as asphalt cement, are the glue that holds aggregates together in asphalt pavement. Derived from the refining process of crude oil, these are the adhesive in various paving applications including hot mix asphalt (HMA) and asphalt concrete. The unique properties of asphalt binders – temperature and load – are critical to the performance and life of asphalt pavement. In the asphalt industry, accurately characterizing asphalt binder properties is key as it directly impacts the quality and durability of the final pavement. Whether used in highways, parking lots or other paving projects, the selection and specification of the right type ensures the pavement meets traffic, climate and usage demands. Understanding asphalt binders is the first step in making high quality asphalt mixes and achieving good paving results.

2. Physical Properties

Asphalt pavement performance is tied to the physical properties of the asphalt binders used. These properties, influenced by the chemical composition, are viscosity, penetration and ductility. Viscosity grading systems, such as the Superpave performance grading (PG) system, are used to evaluate how asphalt binders perform at specific temperatures so they are suitable for the project climate. The PG system also includes aging considerations so pavement engineers can predict the service life of the pavement under real world conditions. By understanding and selecting binders with the right physical properties, engineers can design pavements that resist rutting, cracking and other forms of distress and extend the life and performance of the pavement structure.

3. Grading and Testing

To ensure asphalt binders are suitable for specific paving applications they are graded and tested. The Superpave PG system is widely used in the paving industry as a comprehensive method for characterizing asphalt binders based on their performance at high and low temperatures. This system uses a series of tests (testing methods for pavement quality) – including viscosity grading – to assign a PG grade, such as PG 64-22, which means it will perform at 64°C and -22°C pavement temperatures. In addition to the Superpave system, other forms of testing, like penetration grading, are sometimes used especially for older specifications. These grading and testing protocols ensure the selected type will meet the specifications and perform throughout the life of the pavement.

4. Asphalt Paving and Construction

Asphalt paving and construction brings together asphalt binders, aggregates and other materials to create a pavement surface. Asphalt contractors design the asphalt mix to address issues like heavy traffic, moisture damage and thermal cracking. Techniques like hot mix asphalt (HMA) and asphalt concrete are used to build pavements for specific climate and load conditions. The construction process involves mixing and preparing the surface, building a stable aggregate base and applying the asphalt mix in layers. The quality of both the asphalt binder and the construction process itself is critical as these factors determine the pavement’s ability to withstand environmental stresses and perform over time. By focusing on material quality and proper construction practices, contractors can deliver pavements that last long and perform well.

5. Asphalt Concrete and Materials

Asphalt concrete is a versatile paving material made of asphalt binders, aggregates and various modifiers to enhance performance. The asphalt industry often adds polymers and fibers to improve rheological properties so the asphalt concrete can resist deformation and cracking. The chemical composition plays a big role in how the asphalt mix will perform under different conditions. Pavement engineers select materials like sand, gravel and crushed stone to create a robust aggregate base so the finished pavement meets the specifications for applications from speed bumps and load bearing courses to surface courses and parking lot striping. By understanding the interplay between binder properties, aggregate selection and construction techniques the paving industry can produce high quality asphalt pavements for a wide range of projects including roofing and other specialized applications.